Meningitis explained
Meningitis is the inflammation of the membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. Some bacteria that cause meningitis can also cause septicaemia* (blood poisoning)
Key facts about meningitis
- Meningitis can affect anyone of any age
- Meningitis can kill
- Meningitis can cause long-term after-effects
- Viral and bacterial are the most common causes of meningitis
- No vaccine provides 100% protection against meningitis
- Early signs and symptoms can appear similar to 'flu' or a stomach bug
Types of meningitis
Many different viruses, bacteria and fungi can cause meningitis. In the UK, viruses and bacteria are the most common causes.
Viral meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common cause of meningitis and for some can cause life-changing after-effects.
Bacterial meningitis
Bacterial meningitis is life-threatening and requires urgent medical attention. Many different bacteria can cause meningitis.
Meningococcal disease
Meningococcal disease is a life-threatening infection. It is the term used to describe two major illnesses – meningitis and septicaemia caused by meningococcal bacteria.
Symptoms of meningitis
Meningitis symptoms can appear in any order and some may not appear at all. Early symptoms of meningitis include fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle pain, stomach cramps and a fever with cold hands and feet.
Treatment for meningitis
Treatment for meningitis will depend on the cause. Those with suspected meningitis will need tests in hospital to confirm the diagnosis and determine the cause. Urgent antibiotic treatment is given when bacterial meningitis is suspected.
Find out more about meningitis
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Signs and symptoms of meningitis
Knowing the signs & symptoms of meningitis can save a life, check them now
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What vaccines are available?
Effective vaccines are available to prevent some types of meningitis and septicaemia, but not all
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Types & Causes of meningitis
Meningitis is usually caused by viruses or bacteria. Viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis, followed by bacterial meningitis, find out more
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How to catch meningitis
It is very rare for someone to ‘catch’ meningitis from someone who is already ill, as most cases occur in isolation, read our FAQs
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Treatment of meningitis and septicaemia
Someone with suspected meningitis will usually need to have tests in hospital and may need to be admitted for treatment. Find out more about how meningitis is treated
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After-effects of meningitis
Whatever the outcome of meningitis, the impact of the disease can be life-changing – from grieving for a loved one, to coping with lifelong after-effects
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After-effects of septicaemia
Read our comprehensive information and download facts sheets relating to the many things you may encounter post septicaemia
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Download meningitis leaflets, posters and far more
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Research
Over the past 30+ years we have funded more than £12.6 million of vital research through the Spencer Dayman Research Fund